Aproximación terapéutica a los trastornos del potasio

Percy Herrera-Añazco; Andrea C. Rivas-Nieto; Domingo Chang-Davila; Juan Lluncor Vasquez

doi:10.35434/rcmhnaaa.2023.164.1924

Autores/as

Percy Herrera-Añazco Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo, Lima, Perú. Universidad Privada del Norte, Trujillo, Perú
Andrea C. Rivas-Nieto Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú
Domingo Chang-Davila Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo, Lima, Perú
Juan Lluncor Vasquez Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo, Lima, Perú

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35434/rcmhnaaa.2023.164.1924

Palabras clave:

Potasio, Hiperpotasemia, Hipopotasemia, Urgencias

Resumen

El potasio es un catión esencial para múltiples procesos fisiológicos y los trastornos del potasio, también conocidos como diskalemias, implican un mayor riesgo de complicaciones cardiovasculares y neurológicas. La presente revisión pretende reseñar las principales estrategias para el manejo de los pacientes con trastornos del potasio en el entorno hospitalario. Para el manejo de la hiperkalemia proponemos que la aproximación terapéutica incluya la evaluación etiológica, el manejo farmacológico basado en evidencia, el monitoreo de la respuesta terapéutica y la decisión oportuna del inicio de la diálisis. En cuanto a la hipokalemia, sugerimos la evaluación inicial de la severidad, su manejo farmacológico y el monitoreo de la respuesta a la terapia. A pesar de las limitaciones de la evidencia primaria para el manejo de los trastornos del potasio, las presentes recomendaciones ponen énfasis en las prácticas basadas en la mejor evidencia disponible.

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Biografía del autor/a

Percy Herrera-Añazco, Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo, Lima, Perú. Universidad Privada del Norte, Trujillo, Perú

1. Médico Nefrólogo

2. Magister en Docencia en Educación Superior

Andrea C. Rivas-Nieto, Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú

1. Médico nefrólogo

Domingo Chang-Davila, Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo, Lima, Perú

1. Médico nefrólogo

Juan Lluncor Vasquez, Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo, Lima, Perú

1. Médico nefrólogo

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