Automedicación y uso de plantas medicinales en estudiantes universitarios de la Amazonía Peruana durante la primera ola por COVID-19
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35434/rcmhnaaa.2022.154.1545Palabras clave:
Automedicación, infecciones por coronavirus, COVID-19, universidades, plantas medicinales, PerúResumen
Introducción: La expansión acelerada del SARS-CoV-2 trajo consigo una crisis mundial, y una serie de estudios y recomendaciones para manejarlo; mientras que estudios previos a la pandemia, evidencia elevada prevalencia de automedicación en estudiantes universitarios. Objetivo: Identificar la frecuencia y características de automedicación contra la COVID-19 con fármacos y/o plantas medicinales en los estudiantes de la Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana (UNAP), Iquitos, Loreto-Perú, durante la primera ola por COVID-19. Material y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal en 338 estudiantes mediante una encuesta semiestructurada ad-hoc con preguntas distribuidas en 3 dimensiones: características sociodemográficas, características de COVID-19 y características del uso de fármacos/plantas medicinales. Resultados: El promedio de la edad fue 22,39 años (DE ± 5,59), predomino el sexo femenino con 61,2 % (n=207), el 55,3% (n=187) presentaron síntomas sugestivos de COVID-19. Además, el 76,9% (n=260) utilizaron medicación, distribuido de mayor a menor 65,4 % (n=170) fármacos y plantas, 25,8 % (n=67) solo plantas, y 8,8 % (n=23) solo fármacos; incurrieron en automedicación el 79,2% (n=206). Los principales fármacos empleados fueron dexametasona, paracetamol, azitromicina, e ivermectina. Las plantas medicinales principalmente empleadas fueron eucalipto, kion, manzanilla y matico. Se presentó probable asociación a la automedicación con antecedente de síntomas sugestivos de COVID-19 (p=0.001, IC 95%), y contacto de COVID-19 (p=0,011, IC 95%). Conclusión: Entre los estudiantes de una universidad de la Amazonía Peruana, se identificó elevada prevalencia y los factores asociados a la automedicación con fármacos y plantas medicinales.
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Derechos de autor 2023 Piero Pasache Pinedo, Maxzy Andrea Diaz Mena, Milagros Flórez Vela, Alberto Salazar Granara
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
